Goniothalamin : antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities

Orientadores: João Ernesto de Carvalho, Ronaldo Aloise PilliTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de BiologiaResumo: A carcinogênese é um processo longo, multi-etapas, onde células normais progressivamente adquirem um fenótipo neoplásico. Sua origem é favorecida por fatores genéticos, exposição à carcinógenos químicos, infecções crônicas e incorporação de mutações em genes envolvidos com a regulação da homeostase celular. O crescente entendimento da biologia tumoral tem fornecido alvos moleculares para a triagem orientada de quimioterápicos e de agentes quimiopreventivos, geralmente de origem natural ou sintetizados com base em produtos naturais. A evolução da química orgânica permitiu que compostos naturais fossem sintetizados de forma econômica e aperfeiçoados quanto às suas propriedades físico-químicas, favorecendo sua disponibilidade. Esse trabalho teve como foco a goniotalamina, uma estiril-lactona naturalmente encontrada na forma enantiomérica (R) em plantas do gênero Goniothalamus (Annonaceae). Foram sintetizadas as formas (R), (S) e racêmica, que em painel de nove linhagens tumorais humanas levaram à inibição de crescimento e morte celular com elevada potência. Apesar da potência sobre a MCF-7 (carcinoma mamário responsivo ao estrógeno), estudos com estimulação estrogênica revelaram que a atividade da goniotalamina é independente da via hormonal. De qualquer maneira, a goniotalamina racêmica inibiu em 65% a proliferação da MCF-7 implantada em fibras semipermeáveis (hollow fiber) em camundongos. A citometria de fluxo revelou que o racemato de goniotalamina induz apoptose na linhagem tumoral de cólon HT-29 em baixa concentração (10 ?g/mL), com participação das caspases 8 e 9, sugerindo ativação das vias extrínseca e intrínseca. Houve também indução de apoptose na linhagem de melanoma humano SK-MEL-2, mas esse efeito diminuiu quando essa linhagem foi transfectada com Bcl-XL, inibidor apoptótico ligado à mitocôndria, sugerindo ativação principalmente da via apoptótica extrínseca, com ativação da via intrínseca para amplificação do sinal. A goniotalamina em suas três formas comprovou in vivo a atividade apresentada in vitro, pela inibição do desenvolvimento tumoral em modelo de tumor sólido e ascítico de Ehrlich, sem sinais de toxicidade nas doses efetivas. Esses resultados, aliados aos bons rendimentos na rota sintética, favoreceram a continuidade dos estudos com a forma racêmica. Considerando que aproximadamente 25% dos tumores estão relacionados com inflamações crônicas, a goniotalamina racêmica foi avaliada em modelos de edema de pata induzido por carragenina e por diversos mediadores (fosfolipase A2, histamina/serotonina, prostaglandina E2 e bradicinina), apresentando atividade anti-edematogênica em todos os modelos. Corroborando com esses resultados, a goniotalamina apresentou efeito antinociceptivo em modelos de algesia induzidos por processos inflamatórios. A goniotalamina inibiu o desenvolvimento de colite induzida por TNBS e o tratamento oral (30 mg/kg, três vezes por semana/três meses) preveniu o desenvolvimento de inflamação e câncer em animais deficientes em interleucina 10, sem apresentar sinais de toxicidade. Tais dados foram revelados após análise de dano macroscópico e microscópico (histologia) do cólon, havendo diminuição da expressão relativa dos genes para TNF? e MMP9, importantes no processo inflamatório e de invasão e metástase. Além disso, a goniotalamina diminuiu a incidência de metástase pulmonar em modelo de melanoma metastático. Os resultados obtidos e o perfil multi-alvos apresentado pela goniotalamina sugerem sua avaliação em terapias combinatórias para tratamento de processos inflamatórios crônicos e de câncerAbstract: Carcinogenesis is a long process involving several steps, in which normal cells progressively acquire a neoplastic phenotype. Its origin is favored by genetic factors, exposure to chemical carcinogens, chronic infections and incorporation of mutations into genes involved in regulation of cellular homeostasis. The increasing understanding of tumor biology has provided molecular targets for screening of targeted chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive agents, usually from natural sources or synthesized based on natural products. The improvement of organic chemistry allowed the synthesis of natural products in an economic and refined way, with improvement on their physicochemical properties and availability. This work focuses on goniothalamin, a styryl-lactone naturally found on its enantiomeric form (R), in plants of Goniothalamus (Annonaceae) genus. The (R), (S) and racemic forms were synthesized and led to growth inhibition and cell death in a panel of nine human tumor cell lines, with high potency. Despite the potency against MCF-7 (breast carcinoma responsive to estrogen), estrogen stimulation studies revealed that the goniothalamin activity is independent of the hormone pathway. Anyway, racemic goniothalamin inhibited on 65% the proliferation of MCF-7 implanted into semi permeable fibers (hollow fiber) in mice. Flow cytometry analysis showed that low concentration of racemic goniothalamin (10 ?g/mL) leads colon tumor cell line (HT-29) to apoptosis with involvement of caspase 8 and 9, suggesting the activation of the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Apoptosis was also induced in human melanoma cell line SK-MEL-2, but the activity was decreased in SK-MEL-2 transfected with Bcl-XL, a mitochondrial related apoptotic inhibitor, suggesting mainly activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway, with activation of the intrinsic pathway to amplify the signal. Goniothalamin on its three forms comproved in vivo the in vitro activity by inhibiting tumor development in models of Ehrlich solid and ascitic tumor in mice, without signals of toxicity at the effective doses. These results, combined with good yields in the synthetic rout favored the racemic form to continue the in vivo studies. Considering that about 25% of tumors are related to chronic inflammation, racemic goniothalamin was evaluated in models of paw edema induced by carrageenan and various mediators (phospholipase A2, histamine/serotonin, prostaglandin E2 and bradykinin) displaying anti-edematogenic activity in all models. Corroborating these results, goniothalamin showed antinociceptive effect in models of algesia induced by inflammatory processes. It also inhibited the development of TNBS-induced colitis and oral treatment (30mg/kg, three times/week, three months) prevented the development of inflammation and cancer in interleukin-10 deficient mice, without signals of toxicity. These data were revealed after macroscopic and microscopic (histology) colon damage analysis, with decreased expression of TNF? and MMP9, which are important in inflammation, invasion and metastasis process. Furthermore, goniothalamin reduced the incidence of lung metastasis in a metastatic melanoma model. These results and the multitarget profile presented by goniothalamin suggest its evaluation in combinatory therapies for treatment of chronic inflammation and cancerDoutoradoBiologia CelularDoutor em Biologia Celular e Estrutura

Goniothalamin and celecoxib effects during aging: targeting pro‐inflammatory mediators in chemoprevention of prostatic disorders

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Prostate is highly affected by aging, which lead to inflammatory disorders that can predispose to cancer development. Chemoprevention has emerged as a new therapeutic approach, intensifying studies evaluating the biological properties of new compounds. The aim of this study was to characterize the inflammatory responses in the prostate ventral lobe from senile mice treated with Goniothalamin (GTN), a promising natural compound with anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. Its activity was compared to Celecoxib, an established nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). METHODSThe animals were divided into: Control groups; Young (18-week-old FVB), Senile (52-week-old FVB). Treated groups: Senile-Goniothalamin (150mg/kg orally), Senile-Celecoxib (10mg/kg orally). The ventral lobe was collected after 4 weeks for light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and Western blotting analysis. RESULTSBoth treatments were efficient in controlling the inflammatory process in the prostate from senile mice, maintaining the glandular morphology integrity. GTN reduced all inflammatory mediators evaluated (TNF-, COX-2, iNOS) and different from Celecoxib, it also decreased the protein levels of NF-kB and p-NF-kB. CONCLUSIONSFinally, GTN and Celecoxib controlled inflammation in the prostate, and sensitized the senescent microenvironment to anti-inflammatory stimuli. Thus, both treatments are indicated as potential drugs in the prostatic diseases prevention during senescence. (c) 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Prostate is highly affected by aging, which lead to inflammatory disorders that can predispose to cancer development. Chemoprevention has emerged as a new therapeutic approach, intensifying studies evaluating the biological properties of new compounds. Th778838848FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)2013/01294-8; 2013/23049-

Anti-inflammatory Therapies In Tramp Mice: Delay In Prostate Cancer Progression.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate and late responses of prostatic cancer in structural and molecular biology in the transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate mice (TRAMP), after Goniothalamin and Celecoxib treatments. The treated mice received Goniothalamin (150mg/Kg, gavage) or Celecoxib (10mg/Kg, gavage) from 8 to 12 weeks of age, which were sacrificed at different ages; the immediate response groups at 12 weeks old and the late response groups at 22 weeks old. The ventral prostate was collected for light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, Western Blotting, TUNEL and ELISA. Morphological analyses indicated that Goniothalamin treatment delayed the prostatic adenocarcinoma progression, leading to a significant decrease of prostatic lesion frequency in both experimental period responses to this treatment, mainly high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Also, the Celecoxib treatment showed a particular decrease in the proliferative processes (PCNA) in both experimental periods. Despite Celecoxib diminishing the COX2 and IGFR1 levels, Goniothalamin presented higher action spectrum considering the decrease of a greater molecular number involved in the proliferative and inflammatory processes in prostatic cancer. Goniothalamin attenuated the pro-inflammatory response in TRAMP prostatic microenvironment, delaying prostate cancer progression. Celecoxib treatment was efficient in the COX2 regulation in the TRAMP mice, mainly in the advanced disease grade. Finally, we concluded that inflammatory process control in prostate cancer early grades was crucial for the down regulation of the signaling pathways involved in the proliferative processes in advanced cancer grades.2

Synthesis Of Methoxylated Goniothalamin, Aza-goniothalamin And γ-pyrones And Their In Vitro Evaluation Against Human Cancer Cells.

The present work describes the preparation of three novel series of compounds based on the structure of goniothalamin, a natural styryl lactone which has been found to display cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities against a variety of cancer cell lines. A focused library of 29 novel goniothalamin analogues was prepared and evaluated against seven human cancer cell lines. While the γ-pyrones and the aza-goniothalamin analogues were less potent than the lead compound, 2,4-dimethoxy analogue 88 has shown to be more potent in vitro than goniothalamin against all cancer cell lines evaluated. Furthermore, it was more potent than doxorubicin against NCI-ADR/RES, OVCAR-03 and HT-29 while being less toxic to human keratinocytes (HaCat). The 3,5-dimethoxy analogue 90 and 2,4,5-trimethoxy analogue 92 also displayed promising antiproliferative activity when compared to goniothalamin (1). These results provide new elements for the design and synthesis of novel representatives of this family of natural compounds.203635-5

Anti-inflammatory natural product goniothalamin reduces colitis-associated and sporadic colorectal tumorigenesis

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)The tumor microenvironment offers multiple targets for cancer therapy, including pro-tumorigenic inflammation. Natural compounds represent an enormous source of new anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents. We previously showed that the styryl lactone goniothalamin (GTN) has promising antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities. Because inflammation is a major driver of colorectal cancer (CRC), we therefore evaluated the therapeutic and preventive potentials of GTN in colitis, colitis-associated cancer (CAC) and spontaneous CRC. First, in a simplistic model of inflammation in vitro, GTN was able to inhibit cytokine production in bone marrow-derived macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide. Next, in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) induced-colitis model, mice treated with GTN displayed restored tissue architecture, increased cell proliferation in the colonic crypts and reduced epithelial damage. Moreover, colon tissue from GTN-treated mice had significantly less expression of the inflammatory genes interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 6 (IL-6), S100A9, interleukin 23A (IL-23A), IL-22 and IL-17A. In the azoxymethane/DSS model of CAC, GTN reduced tumor multiplicity, load and size. Additionally, GTN suppressed production of IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-alpha in tumor tissue, as well as abrogated stromal immune cell activation and nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B. Finally, in a tamoxifen inducible model of sporadic CRC, GTN-treated mice had significantly fewer tumors and decreased levels of IL-17A, IL-6, S100A9 and TNF-alpha protein within the tumors. These results suggest that GTN possesses anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities and represents a preventive and therapeutic agent modulating the inflammatory environment in the colon during colitis as well as CAC and CRC development.The tumor microenvironment offers multiple targets for cancer therapy, including pro-tumorigenic inflammation. Natural compounds represent an enormous source of new anti-inflammatory and anticancer agents. We previously showed that the styryl lactone goni3815163FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)2014/05189-7; 2009/51602–5We thank Prof Margie Clapper (FCCC) for critical reading of the manuscript. We would like to acknowledge the support of FCCC facilities including the Laboratory Animal Facility, Cell Culture Facility, Histopathology Facility and the Small Animal Imaging

Primeiros passos: introdução da criança à cultura

Introdução: A arte através de todas as suas formas de expressão tem sido, atualmente, um recurso extensamente utilizado por escolas e empresas como ferramenta na atenuação das pressões sociais e pessoais, possibilitando uma melhora no desempenho das atividades cotidianas das pessoas, além de inserir a cultura na vida das mesmas. Objetivos: Despertar o interesse nas crianças (filhos de funcionários e crianças da região do campus da Unesp/Botucatu) pela arte da dança expressa no ballet clássico. Métodos: As aulas são ministradas pelas alunas de graduação, duas vezes por semana: na creche da Unesp, terças e quintas feiras, das 13 as 14 horas e para as outras crianças , terças e quintas feiras, das 18h30 min às 19h30 min. Resultados: Crianças na faixa etária de 3 a 10 anos, após várias aulas participaram de coreografias, preparadas e ensaiadas pelas alunas/professoras. As apresentações de 2004 foram realizadas no II Encontro de Extensão da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia e também no Feunart (Festival Universitário de Arte), organizado pelo centro acadêmico da Medicina. O projeto continua em 2005 e as coreografias estão sendo preparadas, para apresentação no Feunart de 2005 e na festa de final de ano da creche

Synthesis and evaluation of novel hybrids β-carboline-4-thiazolidinones as potential antitumor and antiviral agents

A series of novel hybrids β-carboline-4-thiazolidinones were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antitumor activity against human cancer cell lines and for antiviral activity towards Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1). From the N′-(2-ylidene-4-thiazolidinone)-β-carboline-3-carbohydrazide series (9–11), compounds 9c and 11d were the most active, showing growth inhibition 50% (GI50) values less than 5 μM for all cell lines tested. Compound 9c, bearing the 4-dimethylaminophenyl group at C-1 of β-carboline was selected for further investigation concerning cell death and cell cycle profile, focusing on the human renal adenocarcinoma cell line 786-0. Treatments with 25 μM of compound 9c induced cell death after 15 h of treatment, characterized by phosphatidylserine exposure and loss of membrane integrity. Moreover, treatment with 12.5 μM promoted a sub-G1 arrest, which indicates cell death. Derivatives of the N-(2-substituted-aryl-4-thiazolidinone)-β-carboline-3-carboxamide series (18–23) showed a potent activity and high selectivity for glioma (U251) and ovarian (OVCAR-3) cancer cell lines. Also, some β-carboline-4-thiazolidinone hybrids showed potent antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus type-1. The N-(2-substituted-aryl-4-thiazolidinone)-carboxamide moiety in 18, 19 and 22 confer a potent anti-HSV-1 activity for these derivatives, which presented EC50values of 0.80, 2.15 and 2.02 μM, respectively. The assay results showed that the nature of 4-thiazolidinone moiety and of the substituent attached at the 3- and 1- position of β-carboline nucleus influenced the antitumor and antiviral activities. © 2016 Elsevier Masson SASA series of novel hybrids β-carboline-4-thiazolidinones were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antitumor activity against human cancer cell lines and for antiviral activity towards Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1). From the N′-(2-ylidene-4-t12410931104FUNDAÇÃO ARAUCÁRIA DE APOIO AO DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO DO PARANÁ - FAFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPES23.444-FA2015/08338-6sem informaçãoThis work was supported by Fundação Araucária (Brazil, PR, Process number 23.444-FA) and Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa de São Paulo (FAPESP, Process number 2015/08338-6). We thank CAPES for fellowships (Barbosa VA, Baréa P

Design And Synthesis Of N-acylated Aza-goniothalamin Derivatives And Evaluation Of Their In Vitro And In Vivo Antitumor Activity.

Herein we describe the synthesis of a focused library of compounds based on the structure of goniothalamin (1) and the evaluation of the potential antitumor activity of the compounds. N-Acylation of aza-goniothalamin (2) restored the in vitro antiproliferative activity of this family of compounds. 1-(E)-But-2-enoyl-6-styryl-5,6-dihydropyridin-2(1H)-one (18) displayed enhanced antiproliferative activity. Both goniothalamin (1) and derivative 18 led to reactive oxygen species generation in PC-3 cells, which was probably a signal for caspase-dependent apoptosis. Treatment with derivative 18 promoted Annexin V/7-aminoactinomycin D double staining, which indicated apoptosis, and also led to G2 /M cell-cycle arrest. In vivo studies in Ehrlich ascitic and solid tumor models confirmed the antitumor activity of goniothalamin (1), without signs of toxicity. However, derivative 18 exhibited an unexpectedly lower in vivo antitumor activity, despite the treatments being administered at the same site of inoculation. Contrary to its in vitro profile, aza-goniothalamin (2) inhibited Ehrlich tumor growth, both on the ascitic and solid forms. Our findings highlight the importance of in vivo studies in the search for new candidates for cancer treatment.92725-4